Application and development trend of the hottest a

Application and development trend of automotive electronic technology

with the continuous development of automotive industry and electronic industry, electronic technology is more and more widely used in modern vehicles. Today's cars have gradually entered the era of computer control. Foreign experts predict that the cost of electronic devices installed on automobiles will account for more than 25% of the total cost of automobiles in the coming years, and automobiles will develop from simple mechanical products to advanced electromechanical integration products, becoming the so-called "electronic automobiles"

with the continuous development of automobile industry and electronic industry, electronic technology is more and more widely used in modern automobiles. Today's cars have gradually entered the era of computer control. Foreign experts predict that the cost of electronic devices installed on automobiles will account for more than 25% of the total cost of automobiles in the coming years, and automobiles will develop from simple mechanical products to advanced electromechanical integration products, becoming the so-called "electronic automobiles"

I. application of modern automotive electronic technology

Application in engines:

1. Electronically controlled fuel injection devices

in modern vehicles, mechanical or electromechanical hybrid fuel injection systems have tended to be eliminated, and electronically controlled fuel injection devices have become increasingly popular because of their superior performance. The electronic fuel injection device can automatically ensure that the engine always works in the best state, so that it can save fuel and purify air to the greatest extent under the condition of outputting a certain power. After experiment and correction, the fuel supply control law under the best working condition of the engine is obtained, and these objective laws are programmed in advance and stored in the memory of the microcomputer. When the engine is working, it is calculated according to the parameters measured by each sensor, such as air flow, oxygen content in the exhaust pipe, intake air temperature, engine speed and working temperature Then compare and judge with the parameters of the best working condition in the memory, and then adjust the fuel supply. In this way, the engine can be operated under the optimal working conditions, breaking through the bottleneck of the industrialization technology of new soft magnetic composites, so as to improve the overall performance of the engine

2. Electronic ignition device (ESA)

it is composed of microcomputer, sensor and its interface, actuator and other parts. The device can calculate and judge according to various parameters of the engine sent by the sensor, and then adjust the ignition time, which can save fuel and reduce air pollution. In addition, the new engine electronic control device also has adaptive control, intelligent control and self diagnostic operation. It is generally believed that the energy-saving effect of engine electronic control device is more than 15%, and the more obvious effect is in environmental protection

in addition, the contents of using electronic technology in the engine include: exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), idle speed control (ISC), electric oil pump, generator output, cooling fan, engine displacement, throttle timing, secondary air injection, engine supercharging, oil steam generation and system self diagnosis functions, which are more or less applied to different models

Application of electronic technology on chassis:

common faults 3:

1. Electronic automatic transmission (ECAT)

ECAT can automatically change the position of the gear lever after computer calculation and judgment according to the load, speed, speed, brake working state of the engine and various parameters controlled by the driver, so as to achieve the best control of transmission shift, and then get the best gear and best shift time. Its advantages are good acceleration performance, high sensitivity, and can accurately reflect the driving load and road conditions. The electronic control device of the transmission system can automatically adapt to the changes of instantaneous working conditions and keep the engine working at the lowest possible speed. The electronic pneumatic shift device uses electronic devices to replace the mechanical shift lever and its connection with the transmission mechanism, and is implemented through solenoid valves and pneumatic servo valve cylinders. It can not only obviously simplify vehicle handling, natural granite building plate gb/t18601 ⑵ 001, but also achieve the best driving dynamics and safety

2. Anti lock braking system (ABS)

this system is an important safety component with the longest development time and the fastest promotion and application. By controlling and preventing the locking of the wheel when the vehicle is braking, it ensures that the wheel and the ground reach the optimal sliding rate (%), so that when the vehicle is braking on various roads, the wheel and the ground can reach the longitudinal peak adhesion coefficient and the larger lateral adhesion coefficient, so as to ensure that the vehicle does not have unsafe working conditions such as locking and dragging, loss of steering ability, improve the handling stability and safety of the vehicle, and reduce the braking distance. The drive anti slip system (ASR), also known as traction control system (TCS or TRC), is the improvement and supplement of ABS. It can prevent the drive wheel from slipping during starting and acceleration, which is not only helpful to improve the traction performance of the vehicle during acceleration, but also improve its operational stability

3. electronic power steering system

electronic power steering system uses a DC motor to replace the traditional hydraulic power cylinder, and uses batteries and motors to provide power. Compared with the traditional hydraulic power system, this microcomputer controlled power steering system has the characteristics of fewer components, small volume and light weight. The optimized steering force and steering return characteristics improve the vehicle's steering ability and steering response characteristics, and increase the vehicle's maneuverability at low speed and the stability when adjusting driving

4. adaptive suspension system with timely adjustment

the adaptive suspension system can automatically and timely adjust the stiffness of the suspension spring and the damping characteristics of the shock absorber according to the instantaneous load of the suspension device, so as to adapt to the load at that time and maintain the fixed height of the suspension. This will greatly improve the stability, handling and riding comfort of the vehicle

5. Constant speed cruise automatic control system (CCS)

in high-speed and long-distance driving, the constant speed cruise automatic control system can be used. The constant speed driving device will automatically adjust the throttle opening according to the driving resistance, and the driver does not have to step on the accelerator frequently to adjust the speed. In case of climbing, the speed tends to decrease, and the microcomputer control system will automatically increase the throttle opening; When going downhill, it automatically closes the valve opening to adjust the engine power to a certain speed. When the driver shifts to low gear or brakes, this control system will automatically disconnect

with the great attention paid by major automobile manufacturers in the world to automobile safety, a large number of new electronic technologies have been adopted in airbag system, driving dynamics regulation system (FDR or VDC), anti-collision system, seat belt control, camera control, etc

II. Development trend of automotive electronic technology application

at present, automotive electronic technology has entered the stage of optimizing the overall relationship between people, vehicles and the environment. It is developing towards the miniaturization of ultra micro magnets, ultra efficient motors and integrated circuits, and provides the basis for centralized control on vehicles (such as centralized control of braking, steering and suspension, as well as centralized control of engine and transmission). Automotive electronic technology is the future of the automotive industry. In the future, automotive electronic technology should make breakthroughs in the following aspects

1. sensor technology

due to the diversification of automotive electronic control systems, the types and number of sensors they need continue to increase. Therefore, it is very necessary to develop new sensors with high accuracy, high reliability and low cost. In the future, intelligent integrated sensors should not only provide signals for simulation and processing, but also amplify and process signals. At the same time, it can automatically carry out time drift, temperature drift and nonlinear self-correction, and has a strong ability to resist external electromagnetic interference, so as to ensure that the quality of the sensor signal is not affected, and it can maintain high accuracy even under particularly harsh service conditions. It also has the advantages of compact structure and convenient installation, so it is free from the influence of mechanical characteristics

2. microprocessor technology

the emergence of microprocessor has brought revolutionary changes to automotive instruments. The consumption of microprocessor in the world automotive industry has increased sharply, and it has gradually developed from a single instrument to a multi-purpose, intelligent instrument. It can not only accurately detect all the measured results on the vehicle, display and print the required results respectively, but also have the functions of calculation, judgment, prediction and guidance. For example, it can monitor the working conditions of major components of the car, and also alarm the high and low limits of battery voltage, tire pressure, vehicle speed and other detection quantities. Microprocessors will be more widely used in safety, environmental protection, engine, transmission, speed control and fault diagnosis

3. application of new software technology

with the increase of the application of automotive electronic technology, the demand for relevant control software will also increase, and further computer connection may be required. Therefore, it is required to use a variety of software and develop a common high-level language to meet the requirements of a variety of hardware. The multi-channel transmission network on cars will greatly depend on software. The increase of the total number of software and the improvement of its functions will enable computers to complete more and more complex tasks

4. Research and application of intelligent vehicles and intelligent transportation systems (ITS)

the technical problems related to intelligent vehicles have been highly valued by automobile manufacturers. Among its main technologies, the idea of "autopilot" will depend on electronic technology. The development of intelligent transportation system (ITS) will be combined with many communication disciplines such as electronics and satellite positioning. It can provide the driver with the best driving route with the shortest distance and bypass the place where the vehicle density is relatively concentrated according to the target information provided by the driver. It is equipped with electronic map, which can show the road ahead and adopt satellite navigation. Get the weather, traffic flow, traffic accidents, traffic jams and other conditions along the way from the global positioning satellite, and automatically select the best driving route. One day in the future, intelligent cars controlled by computers will be driving on the road

5. multi channel transmission technology

multi channel transmission technology will gradually enter the practical stage from the laboratory. After adopting this technology, each data line becomes a network, so as to separate the information of the car center computer. The microprocessor can receive signals from other units through the network. There should be a new interface between the sensor and the actuator to connect with the multi-channel transmission system

6. application of new electronic technology in data transmission carrier

automotive electronic technology will realize vehicle control system in the future. This system requires a huge and complex information exchange and control system. The capacity of vehicle computer is required to be larger, and the computing speed is required to be higher. Due to the increasing number of computer control systems used in automobiles, it is increasingly necessary to adopt high-speed data transmission networks. Optical fiber can provide transmission medium for this transmission network to solve the problem of anti electromagnetic interference in electronic control system

7. automotive on-board electronic network

as the electronic control device tester needs to calibrate the test span to ensure the stability and stability of the test support is more and more used in automobiles, the data communication between on-board electronic devices becomes more and more important. It is necessary to construct the vehicle electronic network system based on the distributed control system. The rapid exchange of large amounts of data, high reliability and low price are the requirements of automotive electronic network system. In this system, each slave processor operates independently, and the control is improved